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KMID : 0376219790160010099
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Chonnam Medical Journal
1979 Volume.16 No. 1 p.99 ~ p.111
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Experimental Studies on the Positional Alcohol Nystagmus
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金在浹/Kim, Jeh Hyub
朴炳林/金盛男/Park, Byung Rim/Kim, Sung Nam
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Abstract
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Animals with either monocular(rabbits, goats) or binocular(cats) vision were subjected to cause acute alcohol intoxication by intravenous injection of alcohol (1-2gm/kg B.W. in saline), and the head position was altered to various directions. The ocular responses were observed to explore the interrelationship between head position and direction of nystagmus, and also the role of the vestibular system on the positional nystagmus.
Spontaneous nystagmus was not observed in these animals. Alteration of the head position always induced nystagmus, i. e., positional alcohol nystagmus; the direction of the nystagmus appeared to be specific for the head position.
Unilateral (side) down position of the head elicited nystagmus with different patterns between the binocular and monocular animals; in cats, the direction of the nystagmus was identical in each eye, whereas in rabbits and goats, ´the direction of the nystagmus of each eye was contradictory. There was no close relationship between the direction of the nystagmus and the gravitational direction.
Positional nystagmus was also noted when the head position was returned to neutral position from the examined position (unilateral down position); direction of the nystagmus was similar to that elicited by examined head position.
Elevation of the head or returning from the elevated position also produced nystagmus, and the directions of the nystagmus were all similar in these animals.
Bilateral destruction of the vestibular system abolished the positional nystagmus in these animals. Furthermore, rapid freezing of the vestibular semicircular canals caused transient depression or abolition of the positional nystagmus in rabbits.
These results indicate that the positional change of the head causes nystagmus with specific direction during acute alcohol intoxication, and the pathogenesis of this positional alcohol nystagmus is closely related to the semicircular canals rather than otolith organs.
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